让人流连忘返的疗养院 Rehabilitation Centre Groot Klimmendaal

发布时间：2011-04-20

《魔山》和《挪威的森林》都提到了康复中心，比如：“一旦进入这里，便懒得出去，或者说害怕出去。”“四下里万籁无声，窗外夜幕沉沉，全无一点光亮。平日那般动人的星光，今晚也由于阴天而概不露面。这里的人，每一个都对星星了如指掌，告诉我哪个是处女座，哪个是射手座。……”

但是这座疗养院，积极并富有力度，一扫文学作品惯常描述的阴霾形象。无论从形象上，还是从策略上：公共设施与社区共享。非常棒的医疗建筑。

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Park
In the undulating forest landscape around Arnhem in the eastern part of the Netherlands,

revalidation centre ‘Groot Klimmendaal’ can be found standing as a quiet deer in between trees.

From a small footprint, the building gradually fans out towards the top and cantilevers out over

the surrounding terrain. Despite its size, the brown-golden anodised aluminium facade allows the

nearly 14.000sqm building to blend in with its natural surroundings. Full height glazing along the

central space connecting the various different internal elements of the building ensures an almost

seamless continuity between interior and exterior. The meandering facade in the restaurant results

in a building in between trees and invites the forest inside the building. The surrounding nature

has a strong visual and tangible presence everywhere in the building; it allows the user to

revalidate whilst walking.

‘Groot Klimmendaal’ is part of a masterplan also designed by Koen van Velsen. The masterplan

envisages the area, largely built upon by one and two-storey buildings, to be gradually transformed

into a public park landscape.

Diversity
The arrangement of the programme is clear. Below are offices, above are the clinical area’s and on

the roof a Ronald McDonald House with its own identity. The double-height ground floor at entrance

level facilitates the special elements of the programme such as a sports facility, fitness,

swimming pool, restaurant and theatre. Not only patients but also family members and members of the

local community (schools, theatre groups etc) use these facilities on a regular basis. As a result,

both patient and building are placed at the centre of the community.

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Healthcare
The care concept is based on the idea that a positive and stimulating environment increases the

well-being of patients and has a beneficial effect on their revalidation process. The design

ambition was not to create a centre with the appearance of a health building but a building as a

part of its surroundings and the community.

Revalidation centre ‘Groot Klimmendaal’ radiates self-confidence and self-control. The welcoming

and open environment offers a natural habitat for care but at the same time allows plenty of

opportunity for other activities. The building is the result of an intensive collaboration between

architect Koen van Velsen and the users of the building. For example, a shallow timber staircase

runs the full internal height of the building and is typical for the new integral way of working.

It facilitates a direct route between the different floors but also enables a variety of

alternative routes roaming the building and thus forms an invitation to undertake physical exercise.

A combination of large and small voids and light wells ensure a spatial connection between

different levels and allow natural daylight deep in the heart of the 30metres wide building.

Interplay of striking but subtle colours and direct and indirect (artificial) lighting enlivens the

interior.

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Sustainable
The use of energy is amongst others reduced by the compact design of the building and the design of

the mechanical and electrical installations. Most notably the thermal storage (heat and cold

storage) contributes to the reduction of energy consumption. The choice of selecting sustainable

building materials and materials requiring little maintenance for floor finishes, ceilings and

facade cladding result in a building which can be easily maintained and with a long lifespan. The

building has been custom made for its users but the design offers at the same time opportunities

for different ways of using the building and the inevitable transformations of different

departments within the client’s organization.

Revalidation centre “Groot Klimmendaal’ is a coming together of both complexity and simplicity

with attention for physical, practical and social details. Transparency, continuity, layering,

diversity, the play of light and shadow and the experience of nature are all ingredients of this

stimulating environment.

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Koen van Velsen finalist Mies van der Rohe Award 2011

Dutch architect Koen van Velsen has been selected for his Rehabilitation Centre Groot Klimmendaal

in the Netherlands as one of the six finalists for the European Union Prize for Contemporary

Architecture – Mies van der Rohe Award 2011.

The Mies van der Rohe Award is the highest European distinction in architecture. The award is

granted every two years by the European Union and was first awarded in 1987. The main objectives of

the award are to distinguish and reward excellence in architecture and to draw attention to the

major contribution by European professionals to the development of new ideas and technologies. The

award was previously awarded to a.o. Zaha Hadid, Rem Koolhaas, Alvaro Siza and Norman Foster.

Koen van Velsen’s Rehabilitation Centre Groot Klimmendaal was selected from 340 European

nominations. The jury includes Mohsen Mostafav (chair), Ole Bouman, Anne Lacaton, Annette Gigon,

Yvonne Farrell, Zhu Pei, Tarald Lundevall and Lluis Hortet. The winner of the award will be

announced on 20 June 2011.

Rehabilitation Centre Groot Klimmendaal was awarded Building of the Year 2010 by the Dutch

Association of Architects, winner of the first Hedy d’Ancona Award 2010 for excellent healthcare

architecture, winner of the Arnhem Heuvelink Award 2010 and winner of the Dutch Design Award 2010

public award and category commercial interior.

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公园
在荷兰东部阿纳姆的森林中，一块安静的用地上屹立着这座疗养院。虽然这个14000平方米的建筑占地面积不大，但是通过悬挑获得了足够的空间，铝金色的外皮与自然环境也相当搭。通透的玻璃与环境的无缝连接。森林触手可及无处不在，对建筑中的人形成强烈吸引。
疗养院也是公园总体规划的一部分。一二层可以理解成一个公共景观。

多样性
上层是疗养区，屋顶是麦当劳叔叔之家。体育设施及健身，泳池位于入口处，不光为病人使用，也让当地人们方便的使用。

医疗保健
创造积极的环境刺激患者，对他们造成有益的影响。这里不光漂亮的建筑，也是环境的一部分，是社区的一个中心。

建筑散发着自信和高效的气质。这是一个友好，开放，可在原生自然环境中活动的疗养之地。这建立在建筑师与客户的良好沟通。比如一个木楼梯设置，形成了新的动线，有利于不同楼层间的交通，让在建筑里漫游有更多的选择性，同时可以达到锻炼的效果。

天井和各种挑探形成多重空间，并使得自然光深入建筑30米进深。微妙，醒目的色彩和光照让空间异常活泼。

可持续发展
机电设备设计紧凑，降低能耗。采用可持续材料，以及长寿材料减少维修费用。虽然大楼为用户精心打量，但是依然具有灵活性，可以转型作为其它用途。

建筑错综复杂，但简单明了的将物理，社会，使用等要素组合。透明性，连续性，层次感，多样性，光影，大自然体验，共同构成了这个充满力度的环境。

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该项目入选2011年密斯凡德罗奖，该奖每两年评出6个建筑进入决赛，是欧洲最高荣誉奖。此前扎哈哈迪德，西扎，库哈斯，诺曼福斯特都得过此奖。奖项与2011年6月20日揭晓。该项目曾获得2010荷兰优质医疗建筑奖，Arnhem Heuvelink奖等奖项，更多信息参见上方英文链接。