2010ASLA景观专业奖|规划与分析荣誉奖：A Cradle to Cradle Inspired

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To meet our client’s goal of creating the first full service Cradle to Cradle development in the

Netherlands, WM+P is designing an inspirational environment that stimulates the creativity and

effectiveness of employees by creating safe and healthy places for work and recreation.
Responding to its unique cultural, environmental and contextual challenges, the Park 20|20 master

plan creates a mixed-use development that synthesizes the issues of access and mobility,

connectivity, passive design, and integrated energy, water and waste management systems. The site,

adjacent to Schiphol Airport, provides easy access to the region and beyond through air, rail, bus,

and bicycle routes. Green zones, urban plazas, public gardens and canal boardwalks within Park

20|20 encourage a connection to the larger community. Each building’s size and massing is

optimized for solar orientation so that these exterior green spaces and the building interiors are

flooded with daylight. A model of holistic, closed-loop design, Park 20|20 will function as a

dynamic environmental system that enhances the local community, its ecosystem and its economy.

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“Truly a beautifully executed study, which integrates many programmatic uses with Bold gestures of

design, and responds to all aspects of sustainability, sensitive site planning, and cultural

integration.  ”
—2010 Professional Awards Jury

 

Application of Sustainability
Park 20/20 is a new model of sustainable development, conceived as the first large-scale urban

development in the Netherlands to implement the Cradle to Cradle (C2C) design philosophy. Located

within a man-made "cultural landscape" of a Dutch polder (land reclaimed from the seas), the

planning concepts promote regenerative design agenda of C2C philosophy at all scales, from regional

ecological connectivity to enhanced landscape biodiversity, and from workplace health and well-

being to neighborhood connectivity. Integrated within the urban plan are highly effective district

waste, energy and water system that eliminate wastefulness throughout the complex.
 

 

Planning goals and objectives
Goals and objectives address each prong of sustainability:
• Social—respond sensitivity to the unique Dutch "cultural landscape," enhance connectivity with

adjacent community, provide mixed-use amenities to adjacent community, create a healthy workplace

environment, and reduce regional traffic congestion through transit-oriented development
• Environmental—mitigate climate change through renewably sourced and passive energy strategies,

create cradle to cradle cycles that promote health and eliminate waste, and enhance biodiversity

and regional ecological connectivity
• Economic—increase economic viability of area, attract and retain workforce, extend life cycle of

the buildings, create marketplace distinction, and promote a development of viable size and density

to allow integrated district-scaled infrastructure.
 

 

Key environmental data collected/analyzed and method:
• Solar path diagram—mapping path of the sun through the day and year to determine optimal solar

orientation for passive energy strategies and to optimize solar access across site during the

winter month.
• Wind rose diagram—to determine the prevailing breeze for site and building ventilation

strategies and winter winds for protection strategies in winter.
• Local and regional ecological network—to optimize linkage of site landscape.
• Polder water management—to understand site design impacts of unique Dutch canal system,

flooding, water level stabilization, etc.
• Dutch environmental policy—highlighting lack of biodiversity as the most significant

environmental threat followed by sea-level rise due to climate change.
 

 

Key social data were collected/analyzed and method:
• Historic and cultural context of the unique Dutch polder and cultural landscape—to understand

application of the "polder grammatical" (elements of the landscape).
• Regional and local planning documents—to understand context and requirements.
• Character and land use of the adjacent community—to optimize connectivity.
• Mobility and access—to establish range of walkable distances to nearby transit stations.
• Proximity of Schiphol International Airport—for restrictions due to flight path and noise.
• New models for enhanced workplace environment—for development programming.
 

 

Consideration of master planning options and design process
A collaborative effort by planners, landscape architects and architects developed conceptual

planning alternatives to explore relationship of several key planning informants:
• Integration of optimum solar and wind orientation (to reduce energy demand) for building within

the context of the tight urban block and the development program requirements by adjusting the

building massing to ensure solar access in winter.
• Integration of regenerative landscape strategies respectful of the "cultural landscape" and the

distinct planning template of the "polder grammatical" (narrow lots and orthogonal roads,

vegetation, and canals) by: introducing a more ecologically diverse plant palette, using the

landscape standards in exterior planting and creating a more biologically robust interior gardens,

connecting the interior gardens to regional ecology with landscape corridors, creating additional

landscape area on roofs surfaces and parking decks.
• Implementation of effective district-scaled sustainable infrastructure approaches by aligning

scale and types of land uses (i.e., hotel demand for hot water with office wastewater treatment

output of biogas fuel for heating) and creating a centralized treatment facility for wastewater,

energy and stormwater on site.
• Implementation of C2C agenda of waste-free design by treating wastewater on site, capturing

energy and soil amendments, and eliminating sewage discharge.
 

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How interested parties were involved in the project
The master planning process involved consultation with municipality planners to ensure that Park

20/20 respected the regional and municipal master plans. Community interests were represented in

the review and approval process, including policy and technical review by appropriate Aldermen and

the City Council.
 

 

How the project was or would be implemented
Park 20/20 master plan received unanimous approval by the City Council of Beukenhorst in June 2009.

Site and architectural design of Phase I (two buildings) commenced in Fall 2009 and is utilizing

C2C protocol for material specification. Construction on the first building will begin in March

2010.
 

 

How project is or will be administered and or monitored
Park 20/20 is being developed by a private development company. Regional and national government

entities are involved in economic development aspects as it seen as a showcase of cradle to cradle

design and a new benchmark for regional development. Both sustainability and cradle to cradle

commitments are terms of the contract between the developer and the government.

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 “研究做得做得非常漂亮，集成运用了许多大胆的设计手法，并兼顾可持续发展，敏感的场地规划，文化整合等各个方面。”
　　-2010专业奖评审委员会

 

　20/20公园位于荷兰，在一块填海地上，是一个可持续城市发展的新模式。规划理念促进各尺度上：从“摇篮到摇篮”理念的再生性设计，从区域性生态连通性到现场的生物多样性；从工作场所的健康与福利到邻里的通达性。将高效的地区性垃圾处理系统、能源供应和水系统整合处理，消除了各种各样的浪费。

 

各个方面的可持续性要点：
O社会：独具特色的“荷兰文化景观”，嘉庆邻里联系，提供综合性设施，营造健康工作环境，并减少交通拥挤现象。
O环境：通过可再生能源和被动式策略应对气候变化，创造摇篮到摇篮（周而复始）周期，促进健康，杜绝浪费，加强生物多样性和区域生态连接。
O经济：提高地区经济活力，留住人员，延长建筑寿命，创造多样性市场，促进具有密度的发展规模，集中布置基础设施。

重要的环境数据收集，分析及方法
O 观测太阳路径，确定最佳被动式能源战略，优化整个场地布局，使冬季太阳也能到达。
O 根据风玫瑰图确定场地建筑的关系，保证良好通风，并避免冬季盛行风。
O 优化并联系区域与社区的生态网络。
O 了解荷兰的运河系统，最高水位线，常水线，进行水管理，并影响到场地设计。
O 海平面上升之后的对策研究（荷兰必须面对的环境），以及气候变化威胁生物多样性的对策研究。

重要的社会数据收集，分析和方法：
O 了解荷兰独特的圩田（围海造的低田）的历史和背景，应运用在景观元素中。
O 了解区域和地方规划文件。
O 了解邻里和社区的土地使用特征，以便优化联系。
O 在适宜的步行范围内设定交通中转站。
O 因为临近 Schiphol国际机场，由于航班的造成的噪音和干扰。
O 在发展规划下指定适宜的新工作模式适应新环境。

方案及设计过程：
这是一个由规划师，景观师，建筑师通力合作的概念规划方案，探讨了几个主要的关系：
O 整合优化太阳能和风能（为了减低能耗）：调节建筑布局使其紧密，具有效率。群体能够获得更多的太阳能，并且人们在冬季也能够获得足够阳光。
O 再生景观战略：尊重文化景观，实行独特的“圩田语法”，引入多样植物，在绿化外缘使用（景观）标准植物，在内部创造一个复合性生态花园。创造地域生态系统，并用生态廊道将其与其它生态斑块联系，在停车场和屋顶创造出更多的绿化面。
O 有效的可持续性地区规模基础设施：调整土地用途与规模，将办公产生的废物能量用于宾馆加热水系统，中央水处理系统处理污水，暴雨。
O C2C计划执行：在场地上消化污水，使用其能量，取有效部分改良土壤，消除污水排放。

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1 Park 20/20 advances a new model of sustainable urbanism by incorporating Cradle to Cradle design

philosophy and integrated site systems concepts at the earliest stages of planning mixed-use

transit-oriented development in the Schiphol International Airport development zone.
 

 

Park 20/20可持续城市，是一个临近Schiphol国际机场的综合性区域，因其纳入“摇篮到摇篮”的规划理念而成为新典范。

 

 

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2 Historic Context Dutch Polder Landscape. The site is located in a polder (land reclaimed from

sea) with distinct grain of preindustrial era parcelization. This iconic man-made environment is

revered as Netherlands' "cultural landscape" yet modern-day polders are challenged by limited

biodiversity and rising sea level.
 

 

荷兰圩田历史文化景观。图上为不同时期的场地变化。这种人造环境属于荷兰的文化景观，但是受到了有限的生物多样性制约及海平面上升所带来的挑战。

 

 

 

3 Planning Context Beukenhorst Zuid Master Plan. Park 20/20 integrates the regional "polder

grammatical" of orthogonal roads, vegetation, and canals within a larger development area than

typical (narrow lot and rational parcelization) to create an economic case for district-scaled

infrastructure and other sustainable design strategies.
 

 

场地位置，一个道路和运河正交围合出来的大面积四方用地，需建立一个地区性规模的基础设计和可持续设计战略。

 

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4 Site Analysis Ecological Integration and Connectivity. In agricultural use for centuries, the

site has limited vegetation, habitat or biodiversity. The master plan reconnects the site—and the

adjacent community—to a more ecologically robust and diverse regional network of parks, greenways,

canals and remnant wetlands.
 

 

场地的生态整合和联系。几个世纪以来作为农业用地，场地上的植被和栖息地，生物多样性很有限。总体规划将场地与邻近社区的绿道，运河，湿地联系起来形成一个强大的，多样化的生态公园。

 

 

 

 

5 Site Analysis Mobility and Access. The site is adjacent to existing high-capacity bus and rail

stops. To promote transit use, pedestrian circulation provides access to stations east and west of

the site. The massing and open-space plan reinforces the connection.
 

 

场地交通分析：场地邻近现状繁忙公共汽车和铁路，为了促进使用，在东西两侧设立了粘连，加强了场地与交通站联系。